On This Day And In Previous Years (Brief Events In History)

[Captain WH Rollins]

10th July 1778 - American Revolution: Louis XVI of France declares war on the Kingdom of Great Britain

10th July 1940 - Battle of Britain begins as Nazi forces attack shipping convoys in the English Channel

10th July 1985 - French foreign intelligence agents blow up the Greenpeace boat Rainbow Warrior in Auckland harbor, New Zealand to prevent it interfering with French nuclear tests in the South Pacific. Dutch photographer Fernando Pereira is killed.

Regards
Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

11th July 1533 - Pope Clement VII excommunicates England's King Henry VIII

11th July 1895 - Auguste and Louis Lumière show film for scientists

11th July 1944 - Franklin Roosevelt announces that he will run for a fourth term as President of the United States

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

12th July 1679 - Britain's King Charles II ratifies Habeas Corpus Act allowing prisoners right to be imprisoned to be examined by a court

12th July 1690 - Battle of Boyne: in Ireland, Protestant King William III defeats English Catholic King James II

12th July 1776 - Captain James Cook departs with Resolution for 3rd trip to Pacific Ocean

12th July 1790 - French Revolution: The Civil Constitution of the Clergy is adopted, putting the Catholic Church in France under the control of the state

12th July 1804 - Former United States Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton dies after being shot in a pistol duel by Vice President Aaron Burr

12th July 1957 - US Surgeon General Leroy Burney connects smoking with lung cancer

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

13th July 1772 - Captain James Cook begins his 2nd voyage aboard the Resolution to the South Seas to search for Terra Australis (Southern continent)

13th July 1832 - the source of Mississippi River discovered by American geographer Henry Schoolcraft

13th July 1923 - the Hollywood Sign is officially dedicated in the hills above Hollywood, Los Angeles. It originally read "Hollywoodland" but the four last letters were dropped after renovation in 1949

13th July 1930 - the first ever football World Cup competition begun in Uruguay

13th July 1943 - the greatest tank battle in history ended with Russia's defeat of Germany at Kursk, almost 6,000 tanks take part, 2,900 lost by Germany

13th July 1955 - the last execution of a woman in Britain, Ruth Ellis, took place at Holloway Prison, London

Regards
Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

14th July 1789 - Bastille Day - the French Revolution begins with the fall of the Bastille Prison

14th July 1951 - the 1st colour telecast of a sporting event (CBS-horse race)

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

15th July 1099 - the City of Jerusalem is captured and plundered by Christian forces during the First Crusade

15th July 1381 - John Ball, a leader in the Peasants' Revolt, is hung, drawn and quartered in the presence of Richard II of England

15th July 1799 - the Rosetta Stone is found in the Egyptian village of Rosetta by French Captain Pierre-François Bouchard during Napoleon's Egyptian Campaign

15th July 1955 - 18 Nobel laureates sign the Mainau Declaration against nuclear weapons, later co-signed by 34 more laureates

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

16th July 1956 - King Faisal of Iraq begins his visit to England

16th July 1970 - the 9th British Commonwealth Games open in Edinburgh, Scotland

16th July 1987 - Great Britain performs nuclear test at Nevada test site

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

17th July 1918 - the Romanov Royal family and several of their retainers are executed by a Bolshevik firing squad in the basement of Ipatiev House, in Yekaterinburg, Siberia

17th July 1936 - Spanish generals Francisco Franco and Emilio Mola lead a right-wing uprising, starting the Spanish Civil War

17th July 1945 - Potsdam Conference - Harry Truman, Joseph Stalin and Winston Churchill hold 1st meeting

17th July 1959 - "North by Northwest" directed by Alfred Hitchcock and starring Cary Grant and Eva Marie Saint premieres in Los Angeles

17th July 1968 - The Beatles' animated film "Yellow Submarine" premieres in London

Regards
Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

18th July 1536 - the Pope's authority declared void in England

18th July 1936 - the Spanish Civil War - General Francisco Franco issues manifesto and leads an uprising in the Spanish army stationed in Morocco

18th July 1959 - The Nun's Story based on the novel by Kathryn Hulme, starring Audrey Hepburn premieres in Los Angeles

18th July 1988 - the shooting begins on James Bond film License to Kill

Regards
Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

19th July 1553 - 15-year-old Lady Jane Grey deposed as England's Queen after 9 days

19th July 1595 - the Astronomer Johannes Kepler has an epiphany and develops his theory of the geometrical basis of the universe while teaching in Graz

19th July 1843 - the steamship SS Great Britain is launched, designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel, is the first ocean-going craft with an iron hull or screw propeller and the largest vessel afloat in the world

19th July 1941 - the BBC World Service begins playing V for Victory in Morse code, opening of Ludwig van Beethoven's 5th symphony

19th July 1941 - Tom and Jerry first appear under their own names in cartoon "The Midnight Snack" by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera

Regards
Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

20th July 1881 - Sioux Indian Chief Sitting Bull, surrenders to US federal troops

20th July 1921 - Congresswoman Alice Mary Robertson becomes the first woman to preside over the floor of US House of Representatives

20th July 1954 - Armistice for Indo-China signed, Vietnam separates into North and South

20th July 1969 - Apollo 11 lunar module carrying Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin and Michael Collins lands on the surface of the Moon; Aldrin and Armstrong walk on the moon seven hours later

20th July 1976 - US Viking 1 lands on Mars at Chryse Planitia, 1st Martian landing

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

21st July 1588 - the first engagement between the English fleet and the Spanish Armada off the Eddystone Rocks

21st July 1861 - the First Battle of Bull Run, 1st major battle of the US Civil War is fought near Manassas, Virginia, Confederate victory

21st July 1969 - Apollo 11: Neil Armstrong becomes the first person to step on the Moon at 2:56:15 AM (GMT)

21st July 1970 - Aswan High Dam opens in Egypt, enables human control of the flooding of the Nile

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

22nd July 1901 - the British House of Lords, in its role as court, rules trade unions can be sued for actions of its members - in Taff Vale Case

22nd July 1912 - in the face of ever-increasing German naval power, the British Admiralty decides to recall British warships from the Mediterranean and base them in the North Sea

22nd July 1963 - Sarawak achieves independence from British colonial rule

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Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

23rd July 1215 - Frederick II crowned King of the Romans (King of the Germans) in Aachen

23rd July 1829 - William Austin Burt patents America's first "typographer" (typewriter)

23rd July 1840 - Union Act passed by British Parliament, uniting Upper & Lower Canada

23rd July 1944 - Conference of Bretton Woods signed; IMF operations begin

23rd July 1995 - Comet Hale-Bopp is discovered and becomes visible to the naked eye nearly a year later

Regards
Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

24th July 1946 - the US performs atmospheric nuclear test at Bikini Island

24th July 1952 - "High Noon", American Western film directed by Fred Zinnemann, starring Gary Cooper and Thomas Mitchell, is released

24th July 1952 - the US President Harry Truman settles 53-day steel strike

24th July 1957 - the US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site

24th July 1970 - the USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR

24th July 1998 - "Saving Private Ryan", directed by Steven Spielberg, starring Tom Hanks, Edward Burns and Matt Damon, is released (Academy Awards Best Director 1999)

Regards
Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

25th July 1722 - the Three Years War begins along the Maine and Massachusetts border

25th July 1729 - North Carolina becomes a royal colony

25th July 1814 - the English engineer George Stephenson introduces his first steam locomotive, a travelling engine designed for hauling coal on the Killingworth wagonway named Blücher

25th July 1943 - Benito Mussolini dismissed as Italian Premier and arrested on the authority of King Victor Emmanuel III

Regards
Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

26th July 1469 - the Wars of the Roses: Battle of Edgecote Moor - pitting the forces of Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick against those of King Edward IV

26th July 1519 - Francisco Pizarro receives royal charter for the west coast of South America

26th July 1524 - James V declared fit to govern by the Scottish Parliament

26th July 1588 - English Admiral John Hawkins knighted for his actions against the Armada

26th July 1678 - England and Netherlands signs treaty: sending ultimatum to France

26th July 1944 - The first German V-2 rocket hits Great Britain

26th July 1803 - The Surrey Iron Railway, arguably the world's first public railway, opens in south London

26th July 1908 - United States Attorney General Charles Joseph Bonaparte issues an order to immediately staff the Office of the Chief Examiner, later to be renamed the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

26th July 1945 - Declaration of Potsdam: US, Britain and China demand the Japanese surrender during WWII

Regards
Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

27th July 1586 - Walter Raleigh brings the 1st tobacco to England from Virginia

27th July 1661 - English Parliament confirms Navigation Act

27th July 1663 - English Parliament accepts Staple Act

27th July 1694 - Bank of England granted 12 year charter by Act of Parliament

27th July 1789 - US Congress establishes Department of Foreign Affairs now referred to as the State Department

27th July 1866 - Atlantic telegraph cable successfully laid (1,686 miles long)

27th July 1921 - Frederick Banting and Charles Best isolate insulin at the University of Toronto

27th July 1940 - Bugs Bunny, Warner Bros. cartoon character created by Tex Avery, Bob Givens (Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series), first debuts in "Wild Hare"

Regards
Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

28th July 1586 - Sir Thomas Harriot introduces potatoes to Europe on return to England

28th July 1609 - Admiral George Somers settles in Bermuda

28th July 1794 - French Revolutionary figure Maximilien Robespierre and 22 other leaders of "the Terror" guillotined to thunderous cheers in Paris

28th July 1951 - Walt Disney's animated musical film "Alice In Wonderland" released

28th July 1954 - "On the Waterfront", directed by Elia Kazan starring Marlon Brando and Eva Marie Saint, is released (Academy Awards Best Picture 1955)

28th July 1959 - United Kingdom starts using postal codes

Regards
Captain WH Rollins

 

[Captain WH Rollins]

29th July 1588 - The Battle of Gravelines - Spanish Armada damaged and scattered by the English fleet

29th July 1588 - Duke Farneses troops ready for invasion of England

29th July 1848 - Irish Potato Famine: Tipperary Revolt - an unsuccessful nationalist revolt against British rule put down by police

29th July 1914 - British fleet leaves Portland/passes Straits of Dover

29th July 1928 - Test footage first created for Walt Disney's "Steamboat Willie" with Mickey Mouse

29th July 1930 - Airship R100, 1st passenger-carrying flight from England to Canada

Regards
Captain WH Rollins